Study on Catalytic Synthesis of Azodicarbonamide with Hydrogen Peroxide as a Green Oxidant

Bohloulbandi, Elaheh; Ahmadi Aval, Parviz

doi:10.22034/ijnc.2020.136525.1129

Study on Catalytic Synthesis of Azodicarbonamide with Hydrogen Peroxide as a Green Oxidant

Document Type : Research Paper

Authors

Elaheh Bohloulbandi

Parviz Ahmadi Aval

ACECR - Applied Chemistry Research Group, Faculty of Chemistry, Tehran University, P.O. Box 186-13145 Tehran, Iran

https://doi.org/10.22034/ijnc.2020.136525.1129

Abstract

This study relates to an improved method for the preparation of azodicarbonamide, which is useful as a chemical blowing agent. Azodicarbonamide is prepared from the oxidation reaction of hydrazodicarbonamide (biurea) with hydrogen peroxide as a green oxidant in the presence of a potassium bromine as a catalyst. Biurea also is prepared by reaction of urea and hydrazine. The prepared products have been characterized by FTIR and TGA/DSC. By Series of comparative experiments, Factors of influencing the yield of azodicarbonamide are studied, such as the amount of oxidant and temperature of reaction solution. Under the optimum process conditions, the yield of azodicarbonamide can reach over 95%, with hydrogen peroxide oxidation process.

Keywords

Azodicarbonamide

Hydrazodicarbonamide

Green Oxidation

Hydrogen peroxide oxidation

[1] Á. Kmetty, K. Litauszki, D. Réti, Appl. Sci., 8, 1 (2018).
[2] M. Niaounakis, Biopolymers: Processing and Products, William Andrew, Netherlands (2015).
[3] N. MadadiMahani, Int. J. New. Chem., 6, 34, (2019).
[4] A. Douibi, L. Gouissem, M. Guessoum, D. Benachour, Int. J. Eng. Technol. Sci. 14, 60 (2014).
[5] A. Sims, S. Jaafar, J. Cell. Plast., 30, 175 (1994).
[6] I. Krutko, I. Danylo, V. Kaulin, Voprosy khimii i khimicheskoi tekhnologii, 1, 26 (2019).
[7] J. H. Bryden, Acta. Cryst., 14,61(1961).
[8] M. Qi, R. Guo, M. Su, X. Cheng, L. Zhang, Appl. Mech. Mater., 448, 464 (2014).
[9] H. Kume, T. Maekawa, Preparation of azodicarbonamides, JPS5398926A.
[10] H. A. Hill, Manufacture of azodicarbonamide, US patent 2988545A.
[11] M. Williams, W. McEwan, A. R. Henry, J. Phys. Chem., 61, 261 (1957).
[12] B. Ignaz, Preparation of azodicarbonamide, US patent 3227706A.
[13] W. Woodrow, Oxidation of hydrazoamides to azoamides, US patent 3190873A.
[14] W. Fuzhen, H. Guodong, W. Bozhen, Clean production method of azodicarbonamide, CN patetnt 102408359A.
[15] D. Mei, C. Haixian, Method for producing ADC foaming agent by using chlorine gas-oxidized HDCA (biurea) in saturated hydrochloric acid solution, CN patent 102675158A.
[16] C. Shihao, C. Xuechen, H. Bing, H. sheng yang, Method for preparing azodicarbonamide by hydrogen peroxide oxidization method, CN patent 103058893A.
[17] S. Bohm, K. Wedemeyer, Process for the production of azodicarbonamide, US patent 4088643A.
[18] R. A. Sheldon, Top. Curr. Chem., 164, 21 (1993).
[19] S. Rayati, E. Bohloulbandi, C. R. Chimie., 17, 62 (2014).
[20] S. Rayati, S. Shokoohi, E. Bohloulbandi, J. Iran. Chem. Soc., 13, 1983 (2016).
[21] A. Ebadi, F. Nikbakht, Reac. Kinet. Mech. Cat., 104, 37 (2011).
[22] M. Javaherian, F. Doraghi, Reac. Kinet. Mech. Cat., 116, 235 (2015).
[23] G. Strukul, Catalytic Oxidation with Hydrogen Peroxide as Oxidant, Kluwer, Dordrecht (1992).
[24] J. O. Edwards, Peroxide Reaction Mechanisms, Wiley-Interscience, New York (1962).
[25] E. Bohloulbandi, P. Ahmadi Aval, Z. Amiri, Int. J. New. Chem., 2020; DOI: 10.22034/ijnc.2020.118968.1078.
[26] P.Ahmadi Aval, E. Bohloulbandi, A. Khavari, H. Mohamadi, Int. J. New. Chem., 2020; DOI: 10.22034/ijnc.2020.119046.1080.
[27] A. Asgari, K. Ghani, M. H. Keshavarz, Z. Anorg. Allg. Chem., 1607, 58 (2018).
[28] R. A. Reed, Br. Plast., 33, 468 (1960).
[29] H. Yang, T. Xu, X. Zhu, X. Li, Y. Li, J. Therm. Anal. Calorim, 123, 75 (2016).
[30] Y. Xie, P. Li, J. Zhang, H. Wang, H. Qian, W. Yao, Spectrochim. Acta. Part A: Mol Biomol. Spectrosc, 114, 80 (2013).
[31] E. Hawkins, J. Chem. Soc. C., 2686 (1969).