ISC, DOAJ, CAS, Google Scholar......

Document Type : Review

Authors

1 PG Department of Zoology, Hajee Karutha Rowther Howdia College of Arts and Science, Uuthamapalayam

2 PG and Research department of Zoology, Jamal Mohamed College, Trichurapalli.620020 Tamil Nadu, India.

3 Department of Zoology, Nallamuthu Gounder Mahalingam college, Pollachi

Abstract

Abstract
Nature has been a wellspring of therapeutic operators for a huge number of years and an exceptional number of present day drugs have been secluded from common sources. Higher plants, as wellsprings of restorative mixes, have kept on assuming a prevailing part in the support of human wellbeing since old circumstances. More than half of all cutting edge clinical medications are of characteristic item starting point and assume a critical part in tranquilize advancement programs in the pharmaceutical business. Blepharis is an Afro-asiatic class including 129 species, having a place with the family Acanthaceae, broadly circulated in bone-dry and semi-dry natural surroundings. A portion of the animal varieties incorporate B. attenuata Napper, Blepharis edulis, B. sindica, and B. maderaspatensis. Blepharis maderaspatensis (L.) Heyne ex Roth is utilized for treatment of various illnesses like dysuria, cerebral pain, and maladies of sensory system, diuretic and love potion. These plants show an extensive variety of pharmacological exercises including cell reinforcement, mitigating, hostile to joint, antimicrobial, antifungal, against ulcer and cytotoxic exercises. Some settled pharmacological exercises of these plants have been talked about in this article. Wide varieties of the plants and their dynamic standards have been assessed for pharmacological properties. The plant species being generally conveyed can be utilized as another option to the customary medications. Subsequently, there is a need to know the plausibility of utilizing removes and bioactive mixes got from such plants for the control of perpetual infections as asserted by customary healers.

Keywords

      [1]       M. B. Alam, S. Hossain S, M. E. Haque, Int. J. Pharm. Sci. Res., 2, 303 (2011).
      [2]       A. M. Osman, M. E. Younes, A. E. Sheta, Phytochemical., 13, 2015 (1974).
      [3]       P. Pandikumar, M. Chellappandian, S. Mutheeswaran, S. Ignacimuthu S. J. Ethnopharmacol., 134, 354 (2011).
      [4]        I. Prassas, E. P. Diamandis, Nat. Rev., 7, 926 (2008). 
      [5]       A. Q. Panhwar, H. Abro. Ethnobotanical studies of MahalKohistan. Pak. J. Bot., 39, 2301, (2007).
      [6]        P. G. Pietta, J. Nat. Prod., 63, 1035 (2000).
      [7]        K. O. Soetan, M. A. Oyekunle, O. O. Aiyelaagbe, M. A. Fafunso, Afr. J. Biotechnol., 23, 2405 (2006). 
      [8]       G. D. Sashikala, A. M. Kottai, D. K. Satheesh, S. Rekha, Int. J. Drug. Dev. Res., 1: 105 (2009).
      [9]       M. Suriyavathana, M. Kumar, Int. J. Appl. Bio. Pharm. Technol., 3, 1098 (2010). 
     [10]     S. Yogisha, K. A. Raveesha, J. Nat. Prod., 2, 64 (2009).
     [11]     B. Yin, H. Ma, S. Wang, and S. Chen, J. Phys. Chem. B., 107, 34, 8898 (2003).
     [12]     H. Bar, D. K. Bhui, G. P. Sahoo, P. Sarkar, S. P. De, A. Misra, Colloids. Surf. A. Physicochemical. Eng. Asp., 339, 13 (2009).
     [13]     J. Bernal, J. A. Mendiola, E. Ibanez, A. Cifuentes, J. Pharm. Biomed. Anal. 55, 758 (2010).
     [14]     K. Cho, J. Park, T. Osaka, S. Park, Electrochim. Acta., 51, 956–960 (2005).
     [15]     J. Devendra, D. Hemant Kumar, K. Sumita Kachhwaha, Dig. J. Nanomater. Bios., 4, 723 (2009).
     [16]     H. J. Dorman, S. G. Deans, J. Appl. Microbiol., 88, 308 (2000).
     [17]     R. Duncan, pharm. J., 273, 485 (2004).
     [18]     D. E. Ejebe, I. M. Siminialayi, J. O. T. Emudainowho, U. Ofesi, L. Morka, Asian. Pac. J. Trop. Med., 3, 341 (2010).
     [19]     E. K. P. T. Elumalai, J. Hemachandran , S. VivivanTherasa , T. Thirumalai, E.   David,  J. Phram. Sci., 2, 549 (2010).
     [20]     A. Farooqui, P. S. Chauhan, P. Krishnamoorthy, J. Shaik, Dig. J. Nanomater. Bios., 5, 43 (2010).
     [21]     B. C. Festus, O. Okoye, Patience, Asian. Pac. J. Trop. Med., 2, 7 (2009).
     [22]     M. Flythe, I. Kagan, Curr. Microbiol., 61,125 (2010).
     [23]     R. Gandhidasan, A. Thamaraichelvan, Fitotherapia., 62, 82 (1991).
     [24]     O. A. Georgewill, U. O. Georgewill, Asian. Pac. J. Trop. Med., 3, 150 (2010).
     [25]     P. Gopinathan, A. M. Ashok, R. Selvakumar, Appl. Surf. Sci., 276, 717 (2013).
     [26]     O. Habbal, S. S. Hasson, A. El-Hag, N. Al-Hashmi, Z. Al-Bimani, Asian. Pac. J. Trop. Biomed., 1, 173 (2011).
     [27]     D. HarekrishnaBar, P.   Gobindasahoo,   S. priyanka, P. D.  Sankar, colloid. Surf. A., 39, 134 (2009). 
     [28]     C. Jayaseelan, A. Rahuman, G. Rajakumar, A. V. Kirthi, T. Santhoshkumar, S. Marimuthu, A. Bagavan, C. Kamaraj, A. Zahir, G. Elango, Parasitol. Res., 107, 585 (2010).
     [29]     A. K. Jha, K. Prasad, V. Kumar, K. Prasad, Biotechnol. Prog., 25, 1476 (2009).
     [30]     A. V. Khan, Q. U. Ahmad, I. Shukla, A. A. Khan, Asian. Biomed., 4, 651 (2010).
     [31]     A. V. Khan, R. Ahmad, A. A. Khan, I. Shukla, J. Herb. Med. Toxicol., 2, 67 (2008).
     [32]     N. Khandelwal, A. Singh, M. K. Upadhyay, N.  Verza, Dig. J. Nanomater. Bios.,5, 483 (2010).
     [33]     M. Sooraj, S. Nath, K. Nathiya. M. Palaniswamy, Int. J. Pharmaceut. Biol. Arch., 2, 1668 (2011).
     [34]      C. S. Kumar, I. Bhattacharjee, G. Chandra, Asian. Pac. J. Trop. Med., 4, 35 (2011).
     [35]     M. G. Sethuraman, N. Sulochana, Curr. Sci., 55, 343 (1986).
     [36]     S. Marimuthu, A. Abdul Rahuman, G. Rajakumar, T. Santhoshkumar, A. Vishnu Kirthi, C. Jayaseelan, A. Bagavan, A. Abduz Zahir, G. Elango, C. Kamaraj, Parasitol. Res., 108, 1541 (2011).
     [37]     G. Muruganathan, S. Mohan, Int. J. Res. Ayu. Pharm., 2, 1819 (2011).
     [38]     C.  Ayyanar M, N. Raja, S. Ignacimuthu, India. J Ethnobiol Ethnomed.,2, 43 (2006).
     [39]     N. M. Dimitrijevic, D. M. Bartels, C. D. Jonah, K. Takahashi, T. Rajh, J. Phys. Chem. B., 105, 954 (2001).
     [40]     R. R. Nayak, N. Pradhan, D. Behera, K. M. Pradhan, S. Mishra, B. Sukla, B. K. Mishra, J. Nanopart. Res., 13, 3129 (2011).
     [41]     R. Nia, D. H. Paper, E. E. Essien, O. H. Oladimeji, K. C. Iyadi, Niger. J. Physiol. Sci., 18, 39 (2003).
     [42]     S. Pandey, G. K. Goswami, K. K. Nanda, Int. J. Biol. Macromol., 51, 583 (2012).
     [43]     V. Parashar, R. Parashar, B. Sharma, A. C. Pandey, Dig. J. Nanomater. Bios., 4, 45 (2009).
     [44]     R. Hu, K. Yong, I. Roy, H. Ding, S. He, P. N. Prasad, J. Phys. Chem. C., 113, 2676 (2009).
     [45]     J. L. Rios, M. C. Recio, J. Ethnopharmacol.,100, 80 (2005).
     [46]     R. Rojas, B. Bustamante, J. Bauer, I. Ferrandez, J. Alban, O. Lock, J. Ethnopharmacol., 88, 199 (2003).
     [47]      S. Moaddab, H. Ahari, D. Shahbazzadeh, A. A. Motallebi, A. A. Anvar, J. Rahman-Nya, M. R. Shokrgozar, Int. Nano Lett., 1, 6 (2011).
     [48]     S. Shankar, A. Rai, A. Ahmad, M. Sastry, J. Coll. Int. Sci., 275, 496 (2004).
     [49]     S. S. Shankar, A. Ahmad, M. Sastry, Biotechnol. Prog., 19, 1627 (2003).
     [50]     V. Sharma, R.   Lin, Adv. Colloid. Interface. Sci., 145, 83 (2009).
     [51]     S. Shrivastava, T. Bera, A. Roy, G. Singh, P. Ramachandrarao, D. Dash, Nanotechnol., 18, 1 (2007).
     [52]     Y. H. Siddique, G. Ara, T. Beg, M. Afzal, J. Environ. Biol., 29, 845 (2008).
     [53]     B. S. Siddiqui, F. Afshan, G. S. Faizi, S. Naqui, R. M. Tariq, Phytochem., 53, 371 (2000).
     [54]     G. Singhal, R. Bhavesh, K. Kasariya, A. R. Sharma, R. P. Singh, J. Nanoparticles. Res., 13, 2981 (2011).
     [55]     S. K. Sivaraman, I. Elango, S. Kumar, V. Santhanam, Curr. Sci., 97, 1055 (2009).
     [56]     R. Sukirtha, K. M. Priyanka, J. J. Antony, S. Kamalakkannan, R. Thangam, P. Gunasekaran, M. Krishnan, S. Achiraman, Process. Biochem., 47, 273 (2012).
     [57]     R. Vivek, R. Thangam, K. Muthuchelian, P. Gunasekaran, K. Kaveri, S. Kannan, Process. Biochem., 47, 2405 (2012).
     [58]     V. Wagner, A. Dullart, A. K. Zweck, Nature biotechnology 24, 1211 (2006).
     [59]     C. Wijayasiriwardena, M. G. Chauhan, P. P. Sharma, S. K. Lahiri, M. B. Shah, J. nat. remed., 9, 209 (2009).