Optimization of Traditional Polyvinyl Acetate with Hydroxylated Guna Seed Oil as a Feasible Copolymer Binder

Gidigbi, Joshua A

doi:10.22034/ijnc.2023.1986341.1320

Optimization of Traditional Polyvinyl Acetate with Hydroxylated Guna Seed Oil as a Feasible Copolymer Binder

Document Type : Research Paper

Author

Joshua A Gidigbi

Modibbo Adama University

https://doi.org/10.22034/ijnc.2023.1986341.1320

Abstract

The study sought to produce an emulsion paint binder that will compensate for inadequacy found in traditional polyvinyl acetate binder by optimizing with hydroxylated Guna seed oil (HGSO). Oil was extracted mechanically from Guna seed, and subjected to chemical process of epoxidation to open the carbon to carbon double bond ring for inclusion of hydroxyl group via hydroxylation process. The product-polyol was optimized by copolymerised the HGSO with polyvinyl acetate in series of blend to form a new copolymer binder. Fourier Transformation Infrared (FTIR) was used to assess the chemical change in the chemical processes. The novel PVAc /HGSO copolymer binder was optimised by introducing different concentration of HGSO into the copolymer matrix and examine the crucial paint binder parameters such as density, water solubility, refractive index, melting point, moisture absorptivity, gel time, viscosity, and turbidity. Comparing with permissible value in coating industry, the blend ratio 80: 20 (80% of PVAc and 20% of HGSO) was adopted for the formulation of PVAc/HGSO copolymer binder. The novel PVAc/HGSO copolymer binder resist water excellently with a good optical property and better adhesiveness. Therefore, the novel PVAc/HGSO copolymer binder can be used to formulate an emulsion paint.

Keywords

FTIR

binder

optimization

hydroxylation

copolymer

Subjects

Applied Chemistry

[1] V. Vaccarezza and C. Anderson, Aspects Min Miner Sci., vol. 10, no. 2, 1-16 (2022).
[2] H. Abdel-Wahab, J. Pharmaceutics and Pharmacology Research., 5, 8, 1-3 (2022).
[3] B. Ibrahim, Z. Helwani, I. Fadhillah, A. Wiranata, J. Miharyono, Appl. Sci., 12, 296, 1-9
(2022).
[4] H. Ndibe, J. Iyasele, E. Imanah, G. Okpara, I. Eriamiatoe, J. Chem. Soc. Nigeria., 46,
72–78 (2021).
[5] C. Dillon, A. Lagalante, R. Wolbers, Stud. Conserv., 59, 1, 52-62 (2014).
[6] T. Learner,The Conservator., 24, 1, 96-103 (2000).
[7] J. Gidigbi, S. Osemeahon, A. Ngoshe and A. Babanyaya, International Journal of Recent
Innovation in Academic Research., 3, 2, 231-244 (2019).
[8] R. Gopalan, A. Venkappavy and S. Nagaraja, Vileas Publishing House., (2000).
[9] S. A. Osemeahon and J. T. Barminas, International Journal of Physical Sciences., 2, 7,
169-177 (2007).
[10] P. Yanga, et al., Environmental Research., 178: 108687 (2019).
[11] S. A. Osemeahon, C. S. Archibong, Journal of Scientific and Engineering Research.,
5, 11, 43-49, 2018.
[12] Z. Iqbal, S. Sumara Qasim, N. Rafi, "Copolymerized Urea Formaldehyde Based Binder
and their Characterization," Journal of Chemistry and Chemical Sciences, 11, 12, 137-
149 (2021).
[13] B. Ibrahim, Z. Helwani, I. Fadhillah, A. Wiranata, J. Miharyono, Appl. Sci., 12, 296
(2022).
[14] A. A. Muhammad, J. Yelwa, International Journal of Scientific Research in Chemistry
(IJSRCH)., 4, 4, 1-11 (2019).

[15] E. T. Evwierhoma and I. E. Ekop, Int. Journal of scientific and engineering research,
7, 5, 21-29, (2016).
[16] C. S. Archibong, R. Odoh and A. David, FUW Trends in Science and Technology
Journal., 3, 2A, 523 – 526 (2018).
[17] J. M. Yelwa, I. I. Nkafamiya, S. Abdullahi, J. Joel., International Journal of Innovative
Research and Advance Studies., 4, 7, 1-13 (2017).
[18] A. Abubakar, J. Gidigbi, J. Chem Soc. Nigeria., 45, 1, 121-125 (2020).
[19] Y. Hwang, L. Sangmook, Y. Youngjae, J. Kwangho, W. Lee, Macromolecular Res, 6,
20, 559-567 (2012).
[20] H. L. Barnabas, B. Aliyu, J. A. Gidigbi, A. Abubakar, A. Markus, NanoNEXT., 3, 4, 1-
10 (2022).
[21] X. Liu, Organic Chemistry I, California, USA: LibreText., (2022).
[22] S. Osemeahon, O. Maitera, A. Hotton, B. Dimas, Journal of Environmental Chemistry
and Ecotoxicology., 8, 5, 181-189 (2013).
[23] N. Al-Manasir, University of Oslo, Norway., (2009).
[24] O. Akinrata, Nigeria: Timi Hyacinth Enterpises., (2009).
[25] K. Kaniappan and S. Latha, Int. J. Chem. Res., 3, 2, 708-717 (2011).
[26] I. Mavani, M. Mehta and H. Parsania, J. Sci. Ind. Res., 377-384 (2007).
[27] R. Kazys and R. Rekuviene, Ultragarsas "Ultrasound., 66, 4, 20-25 (2011).
[28] A. Toloei, S. Atashin and M. E. Bahrololoom, ISRN material science., 1-7 (2013).
[29] S. Osemeahon and C. Archibong, J. Toxicology and Environmental Health Science., 3,
4, 101-108 (2011).
[30] I. Mohialdeen, Int. Journal of Engineering., 12, 2, 12-23 (2009).

[31] S. Osemeahon and B. Dimas, Jour. of Toxicology and Environmental Health Science.,
3, 1, 49-56 (2014).
[32] C. S. Archibong, I. I. Nkafamiya, S. A. Osemeahon and E. David, Global Scientific
Journal., 9, 9, 277-295 (2021).
[33] Z. Petrovic, A. Zlantanic, C. Lava and S. Sinadinovic-fiser, European Journal of Lipid
Science and Tech., 3, 2, 293-299 (2003).