Facile Characterization and Quantification of Total Petroleum Hydrocarbon and Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in Water and Sediment Samples from Three Creeks in Bonny L.G.A of Rivers State, Nigeria

Obi, Chidi; Nwankpa, Ihechi; Obuzor, Gloria U.

doi:10.22034/ijnc.2024.2026649.1387

Facile Characterization and Quantification of Total Petroleum Hydrocarbon and Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in Water and Sediment Samples from Three Creeks in Bonny L.G.A of Rivers State, Nigeria

Document Type : Research Paper

Authors

Chidi Obi ¹

Ihechi Nwankpa ²

Gloria U. Obuzor ²

¹ University of Port Harcourt

² Department of Pure and Industrial Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Port Harcourt, Rivers State, Nigeria

https://doi.org/10.22034/ijnc.2024.2026649.1387

Abstract

The exploration and exploitation of crude oil in Niger Delta has resulted in continued oil spillage into the water bodies and the land around the region. Hence, this study focuses on the evaluation of the amount and types of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs) and Total Petroleum Hydrocarbons (TPH) in the water and sediment samples of three Creeks namely Fibiri, Adamkiri, and Okpokoma Dappa in Bonny Local Government Area of Rivers State using Gas Chromatography-Flame Ionization Detector (GC-FID). The results obtained revealed variations in the concentrations of PAHs and TPH within the sediment and water samples extracted from these three locations. Fibiri Creek emerged as the focal point of heightened 16-priority PAH levels studied, succeeded by Adamikiri and Okpokoma Dappa Creeks. Similarly, the concentration of TPH in water samples mirrors the decreasing order across the three Creeks as Fibiri > Adamakiri > Okpokoma Dappa. In Fibiri Creek, n-C32 commands the highest concentration at 11.3224 ppm, while Okpokoma Dappa manifests the lowest concentration with n-C11 registering at 1.19456 e-2 ppm. This study exposed that Low Molecular Weight (LMW) PAHs such as naphthalene, acenaphthylene, acenaphthene, fluorene, and anthracene were predominant underscoring the pervasive influence of petroleum-related activities. However, High Molecular Weight (HMW) PAHs like Dibenzo [a, h] anthracene was also discernible contributing to the complex PAH profile observed across the studied Creeks. This research provides a good knowledge of hydrocarbon matrices across the three Creeks, offering a foundation for targeted environmental management strategies and remediation efforts.

Keywords

Characterization

polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons

total petroleum hydrocarbon

water

sediment

Subjects

Physical Chemistry

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